1) Antibiotics should be prescribed for all viral and bacterial infections.

Antibiotics do not treat viral infections and if antibiotics are used too much, then the infections will build up an immunity.

2) There is no evidence for evolution beyond the fossil record.

There is much more evidence for evolution than fossils such as homologous structures and genetic code.

3) Structural Homologies only exist in animals, never in plants.

Plants too have homologous structures like those seen in animals. In some plants like the pitcher, venus fly trap, poinsettia and cactus, the leaves show different functions and shapes from the ‘normal’ leaves we think about. Each of these leaves is a homologous structure, derived from a common ancestral form.

4) When the environment changes all species living in it will change to adapt to it.

Not all species in an environment will adapt to a new environment and that is when natural selection occurs as some species that haven’t adapted to the new environment will not survive.

5) Whales lost their hind limbs because they stopped using them.

As whales transitioned to an aquatic lifestyle, their legs were of less use however, they did not completely lose their hind limbs they are now just very small structures in the whale.

6) We have never been able to observe evolution.

We have observed evolution on a small scale in plants who have evolved to resist pesticides and other similar situations.

7) We have never been able to observe speciation.

Speciation is defined as the splitting of one species into two or more or the transformation of one species to another over time. We have directly observed speciation in populations of Ensatina salamanders. All of the species of salamander are proven to have come from one species.